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Clark-Price points to the four main monitors used during human surgeries:Įlectrocardiogram (which measures the electrical activity of the heart), Temperature - Hypothermia is a risk, especially smaller breedsįor an idea of just how important monitoring is in avoiding complications, Dr. In place or to monitor - during and after Inhalant anesthetic - requires a breathing tube, which is placed in the trachea to ensure that the dog gets the proper levels of anesthetic, as well as oxygen, during the surgery. The catheter that dispenses the induction agent also gives the veterinarian a conduit to provide supportive fluids – and immediate access to the bloodstream should other drugs need to be administered in response to the patient’s condition. Induction anesthesia is administered intravenously the idea is to administer a fast-acting anesthetic to pave the way for the more powerful inhalant anesthesia.īecause propofol can cause significant hypoventilation (low breathing rate) or apnea (absence of breathing), it is recommended that a patient be intubated, or have a breathing tube placed, and a supplemental oxygen source available Propofol is the name that most owners will be familiar with. Induction anesthetic - this anesthesia agent kicks off the anesthesia process. Pre-anesthetic - a mild sedative to calm a dog so he can be more easily handled and prepped for surgery. Preoxygenating the patients – providing supplemental oxygen prior to inducing anesthesia Pre op bloodwork is done to ensure that there are no imbalances or underlying conditions that could complicate surgery
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Fasting is important to limit the incidence of vomiting, regurgitation, or gastroesophageal reflux during anesthesia Vaccine history and lifestyle can be relevant.įollow the pre op instructions at home carefully. Make sure your vet knows of all the medications, supplements and nutraceuticals that your dog is taking. So, what needs to be monitored or in place before, during and after, and who does all that?Īsk your vet if there are relevant breed-specific anesthesia concerns Automatic functions are slowed down, reversibly, and this is why the monitoring is so important. He also recommended following an anesthesia checklist to prevent mistakes, as he does.Īnesthesia is more like a coma than simply being unconscious. da Cunha said all the studies-on horses, rabbits, cats, dogs, or humans-agree that monitoring is key to reducing mortality rates. Information below is taken from the linked sources further below.Īmong the factors that increase the odds of anesthetic-related death in individual dogs and cats are being in worse health, urgent procedures, age, long procedures, use of injectable anesthesia rather than inhalant anesthesia, obesity, and brachycephaly.įactors that decrease the odds of anesthetic-related death are an equipment check with a protocol and checklist, direct availability of an anesthesiologist and a trained nurse, no change of anesthetics during the procedure, two people available for emergencies, post-operative pain management, epidural or local analgesia rather than systemic analgesia, pulse oximetry, and monitoring in general.ĭr. There are only safe anesthetists.” (Robert Smith, MD) There's a quote I ran across frequently in researching, “There are no safe anesthetic agents, there are no safe anesthetic procedures. With time to plan, weight might be managed, underlying conditions may be identified and addressed but this isn't always possible.įactors that can be addressed are learned from procedures used in human anesthesia. You have some factors that are out of personal control in the short term such as being overweight, unknown underlying conditions, things like that. There are similarities between human and canine risks for anesthesia so what are factors to consider?
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It turns out that medical science has been looking at this too. It isn't optional so what could be done to reduce risks associated with it? When I decided that it was time to neuter my boys, I had to consider the risks of anesthesia.